Transhumance as a way of life remains widely spread across a number of regions in Morocco. Work conducted in two transhumance places in the High Atlas (Oukaïmeden and Yagour), backed by studies made for other Moroccan regions, allow us to show the strongly heuristic character of an anthropological look at trashumance. Transhumance is thus portrayed as a total social fact. Three issues structure our article: the domains of transhumant social and economic life; religiosity in the Agdals; and the interaction of these societies with modernity.